WHAT: COMPACTS targeted vulnerable and hard-to-reach communities in Kaoma. The project offered communities achieving agreed-on HIV testing benchmarks an incentive of their choosing (e.g., new hospital beds, a borehole). Then, traditional leaders and others, trained to deliver social and behavioural change communications and to facilitate small-group and community discussions, were deployed to promote such behaviours as prevention of mother-to-child transmission, HIV testing and counselling, and positive health, dignity, and prevention (PHDP).